![]() Finally, lexical information appeared to benefit both younger and older listeners. Matching text primes had a greater impact for speech with poorer spectral resolution, but lexical content had a smaller impact for speech with poorer spectral resolution. However, the strength of the lexical effects depended on the level of degradation. Noise-vocoded speech was perceived as clearer when preceded by a matching prime, and when sentences included key words with high lexical frequency and low neighborhood density. Results showed that lexical information impacted the perceived clarity of noise-vocoded speech. Sentences were processed to simulate CI hearing, using an eight-channel noise vocoder with varying filter slopes. Each sentence also consisted of three key words of high or low lexical frequency and neighborhood density. Half of the sentences were preceded by a matching text prime, while half were preceded by a non-matching prime. Lexical information was provided by matching text primes and the lexical content of the target utterance. In an online experiment, younger and older normal-hearing (NH) listeners rated the clarity of noise-vocoded sentences on a scale from 1 (“very unclear”) to 7 (“completely clear”). The current study investigated lexical effects in the compensation for speech that was degraded via noise-vocoding in younger and older listeners. ![]() Yet, the extent to which lexical knowledge can be used to effectively compensate for degraded input may depend on the degree of degradation and the listener’s age. Lexical knowledge supports speech recognition and enhances the perceived clarity of speech. When listening to degraded speech, such as speech delivered by a cochlear implant (CI), listeners make use of top-down linguistic knowledge to facilitate speech recognition. ![]()
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